In art materials, what is typically meant by "substance" in the context of a binder?

In the context of art materials, specifically regarding paint, "substance" refers to the component that solidifies the paint. Binders play a crucial role in the formulation of paint as they help to hold the pigment together and ensure that it adheres to the surface being painted. They create a film when the paint dries, which forms a durable layer that maintains the integrity of the color and the overall appearance of the artwork.

By solidifying the paint, the binder ensures that the pigment is not merely sprinkled on the surface, but is instead effectively incorporated within a stable medium. This function is critical for the performance of the paint, affecting its texture, durability, and the way it interacts with light after application. Without an effective binder, paint would not adhere properly, leading to flaking, poor color retention, and issues with longevity.

Color additives, smooth application materials, and drying time-altering chemicals serve different purposes in the paint formulation, but none of these roles directly relate to the concept of "substance" as it pertains to the binder's primary function in solidifying paint.