What is the main characteristic of watercolor paint?

Watercolor paint is primarily known for its transparency, which allows for the layering of colors and the creation of luminous effects. The main components of watercolor paints include pigment and a gum binder, which helps to suspend the pigment in a liquid form and allows it to spread easily when applied with water. This characteristic is essential for the unique qualities of watercolor, as it enables the artist to achieve delicate washes, gradients, and subtle color interactions that are hallmark techniques in watercolor painting.

In contrast, other choices illustrate characteristics that do not align with the nature of watercolors. The notion of opacity and thickness pertains more to mediums such as acrylics or oils, which allow for more solid coverage. The idea that it dries quickly without bonding is misleading, as while watercolor can dry quickly due to its water-based composition, the paint does bond to the paper or surface upon drying. Lastly, watercolors do not require solvents; they are generally activated and thinned with water, which is another key distinction from other paint types like oils that require solvents such as turpentine or mineral spirits.