Which principle of design focuses on highlighting a focal area in art?

The principle of design that focuses on highlighting a focal area in art is emphasis. This concept is about creating a point of interest in a composition that draws the viewer's eye. Emphasis can be achieved through various techniques such as contrasting colors, varied textures, or placing the focal point in a prominent position within the design.

By effectively using emphasis, artists can guide the viewer's attention to the most important elements of their work, allowing for a clearer, more impactful communication of ideas or narratives. Emphasis serves to create a hierarchy within the artwork, making certain aspects stand out while still allowing the overall composition to maintain its harmony.

In contrast, balance deals with the distribution of visual weight in an artwork to create stability; rhythm refers to the repetition of elements to create a sense of movement or flow; and movement involves guiding the viewer’s eye through the artwork, which may not specifically highlight a focal area but rather encompasses the overall visual journey through the composition.